India’s Muslim community is often viewed as a homogeneous group, but in reality, it is deeply stratified by caste and class, just like Hindu society. Within this structure, the Pasmandas—a term meaning “those left behind”…
India is a diverse country, not only in terms of religion but also in terms of caste, class, and linguistic identities. While the Hindu caste system is often the focus of discussions on social hierarchy,…
Empowering Pasmanda Muslims through the Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2025 Introduction The Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2025, is a significant legislative move aimed at reforming the governance and management of Waqf properties in India. By addressing concerns…