Who Was Matangini Hazra?

Matangini Hazra: The Forgotten Heroine of India’s Freedom Struggle

Introduction

The Indian independence movement was marked by the relentless sacrifices of countless revolutionaries, many of whom remain unsung heroes. Among them is Matangini Hazra, a fearless woman who played a crucial role in India’s fight against British colonial rule. She was an embodiment of courage, patriotism, and resilience, proving that age was no barrier to fighting for one’s motherland. This article delves into her life, contributions, and legacy in India’s freedom struggle.

Early Life

Matangini Hazra was born on October 19, 1870, in a small village called Hogla, near Tamluk in the Midnapore district of present-day West Bengal. She belonged to a poor peasant family and had little access to formal education. Like many girls of her time, she was married off at a young age. However, fate had different plans, as she became a widow at the age of eighteen. Instead of resigning herself to societal norms, Matangini dedicated her life to the service of the people, actively participating in community welfare activities.

Entry into the Freedom Movement

Matangini’s journey into the independence struggle began in the early 20th century when she was deeply moved by the Swadeshi Movement, which called for the boycott of British goods. Inspired by national leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, she took to wearing khadi and spreading the message of self-reliance. She soon became an ardent supporter of the Indian National Congress and participated in various protests against the British Raj.

Her real moment of awakening came during the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930, initiated by Mahatma Gandhi. She actively took part in the Salt Satyagraha, protesting against the oppressive British salt laws. She was arrested for the first time but remained undeterred. Her imprisonment only strengthened her resolve to fight against British rule.

Imprisonment and Continued Struggles

Matangini Hazra was arrested multiple times for her participation in the freedom movement. In 1932, she was again jailed for violating British laws and was brutally beaten by the police. However, these hardships did not weaken her spirit. Upon her release, she continued to inspire people, urging them to join the freedom movement. Her efforts led her to become one of the prominent female leaders in Bengal’s fight for independence.

Despite her advancing age, Matangini actively took part in the Quit India Movement of 1942, which was launched by Mahatma Gandhi to demand an end to British rule in India. She played a crucial role in organizing protests and leading processions against British oppression.

The Final Sacrifice

On September 29, 1942, during the Quit India Movement, Matangini Hazra led a group of around 6,000 protestors, mostly women, to capture the Tamluk police station. The protest was met with heavy resistance from the British forces. Despite the threats, Matangini marched ahead with the tricolor in her hands, chanting patriotic slogans.

As she approached the police station, the British soldiers opened fire. A bullet struck her, but she continued to advance, urging the protesters not to retreat. She was shot multiple times, yet she refused to let go of the national flag. Her last words before collapsing were, “Bande Mataram!” Her bravery and determination turned her into a symbol of resistance and sacrifice.

Legacy and Recognition

Matangini Hazra’s sacrifice did not go in vain. Her death ignited a wave of patriotism in Bengal, inspiring many more to join the struggle for freedom. The town of Tamluk later became a stronghold of resistance against British rule.

After India gained independence in 1947, she was honored as one of the great martyrs of the freedom struggle. Various memorials and institutions have been named after her, including Matangini Hazra Park in Kolkata and a statue at Esplanade in central Kolkata. Schools, roads, and other public places across Bengal bear her name, reminding people of her contribution to India’s independence.

The Indian government also issued a postage stamp in her honor in 1977, recognizing her role in the freedom movement. However, despite these honors, her contributions remain relatively less known compared to other prominent leaders of the independence struggle.

Conclusion

Matangini Hazra’s life is a testament to the indomitable spirit of Indian women in the freedom struggle. She defied societal norms, overcame personal hardships, and fought bravely against British colonialism until her last breath. Her story deserves to be remembered and celebrated, not just in West Bengal but across the entire country.

Her sacrifice reminds us that the fight for justice and freedom requires courage, perseverance, and an unwavering commitment to the nation. As we celebrate India’s independence, let us pay tribute to this braveheart who laid down her life for the country. Her legacy continues to inspire generations, proving that true patriotism knows no age, gender, or social barriers.